Seshu cheera

I. Electrostatic Potential Energy and Conservative Forces Potential energy is introduced as work done by an external force in moving a body against a conservative force, such as spring force or gravitational force. This work is stored as potential energy . When the external force is removed, the body gains kinetic energy and loses an equal amount of potential energy, indicating that the sum of kinetic and potential energies is conserved . Conservative forces are those for which the sum of kinetic and potential energies is conserved. Examples include spring force, gravitational force, and Coulomb force between stationary charges. The Coulomb force is a conservative force, similar to gravitational force, as both have an inverse-square dependence on distance. Electrostatic potential energy of a charge in an electrostatic field can be defined, analogous to gravitational potential energy. To bring a test charge q from point R to point P against a repulsive electric force, an ex...